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Furman University | Text

Baptist Board Challenges Trustee Integration Policy

An article appearing in Furman's student newspaper, The Paladin, dated October 26, 1963, detailing a challenge, made by the General Board of the South Carolina Baptist Convention, to the Furman trustee's resolution authorizing Furman to admit all qualified applicants regardless of race.

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Rollins College | Image

Black Student Union, 1972-1973

Twenty Black Student Union members pose for their student organization’s yearbook photograph. This is the first Black Student Union photograph included in the Tomokan yearbook. Back row: Krisita Jackson, Theda James, Deborah Coleman, Brenda Martin, Reggie Brock, Blanche Jackson, Lonnie Butler, Otis Cameron, Rodney Dowling. Middle row: Lorraine Powell, Marcus Wilson, Grace Borom, Juanita Gibson, Jennifer Matthews, Roxwell Robinson, Arlinda Staley. Front row: Guilda Brandon, Theotis Bronson, Constance Blackman, Errol Cunningham.

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Rollins College | Image

Black Student Union, 1974-1975

Thirteen members of the Black Student Union gather for their yearbook photo. They are seated on the steps of Bush Science Center. (First row, left to right): Douglas Pollard, Denise Brookins, Blondie Jones, Priscilla Lyons, Roxwell Robinson. (Second row, left to right): Vic Crumity, Errol Cunningham, Willie Flowers, Dick Twine, Roslyn Lawson, Luther Graham, Kimberly Broxton, Sharon Israel.

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Furman University | Text

Board To Recommend 'Hands-Off' Policy to Baptist Convention

An article appearing in Furman's student newspaper, The Paladin, dated October 23, 1964. The author writes about the General Board of the South Carolina Baptist Convention's recommendation that the convention abopt a hands-off policy towards desegregation. Admission policies would be left to the trustees of it's church supported colleges.

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Furman University | Text

Charter Change Ordered: Students Found Dazed

An article appearing in Furman's student newspaper, The Paladin, dated November 11, 1961, describing, in detail, a meeting of the South Carolina Baptist Convention where the members voted to amend the charter of Furman University to prohibit Greek letter social fraternities from the campus of Furman, as well as all of the Convention's educational institutions.

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W & L University | Text

Copy of Letter from Homer A. Holt to T. Justin Moore (November 8, 1955)

This copy of a letter from trustee Homer A. Holt to T. Justin Moore was sent to Washington and Lee President Francis P. Gaines. In the letter, Holt explains that Gaines is getting in contact with other southern schools to battle the admissions policy of the Association of American Law Schools. Acknowledgement from Gaines' secretary is included.

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Furman University | Text

Final Decision Is Trustees'

An editorial appearing in Furman's student newspaper, The Paladin, dated November 16, 1963. The author is calling for the Furman Board of Trustees to be strong and not bend to the will of the South Carolina Baptist Convention.

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W & L University | Text

Forwarded Correspondence from Fred C. Cole to J. Morrison Hutcheson (August 1964)

This correspondence documents President Fred C. Cole asking members of the Board of Trustees to approve a reply to a letter.

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W & L University | Text

Forwarded Correspondence from Homer A. Holt to Fred C. Cole

Trustee Homer A. Holt forwarded correspondence from Hutcheson and Morrison on the topic of integration to President Fred C. Cole.

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Furman University | Image

Furman Chapter of the Southern Student Organizing Committee

Photograph of the Furman Chapter of the Southern Student Organizing Committee, an organization of students committed to peace, racial equity, and participatory democracy. From the 1968 Furman yearbook: 'SSOC is convinced that society is in need of radical reform on every level, including the university level. It is our purpose to work for these reforms, both through education and direct action. Ready to organize are the members of the Southern Student Organizing Committee.

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Furman University | Text

Group Attacks School Gleefully

An editorial appearing in Furman's student newspaper, The Paladin, dated November 16, 1963. The author is very critical of the South Carolina Baptist Convention and it's reaction to the Furman trustee's resolution authorizing Furman to admit all qualified applicants regardless of race or color.

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W & L University | Text

Headline for Admissions Story: "The Matter of Admissions....."

This draft of an article for the Alumni Magazine explains the Board of Trustees' movement towards integration. This draft differs from (and is more revealing than) the version published in the Fall 1964 edition of the Alumni Magazine.

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W & L University | Text

Headline for Admissions Story: "The Matter of Admissions....." (Draft)

In this draft for an article for The Alumni Magazine, Frank Parsons provides a complete account of the discussions which led up to the Board of Trustees' Reaffirmation of Faculty Authority over Admissions Standards. This reaffirmation essentially desegregated Washington and Lee.

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W & L University | Text

In Lee's Spirit

This editorial in the November 11th, 1964 Washington Post describes Washington and Lee's desegregation as being something Lee would have wanted, providing a look at the rhetoric of the time.

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Furman University | Moving image

June Manning Thomas Oral History

Video interview with June Manning Thomas. Ms. Thomas enrolled at Furman in 1967 as one of the university's first African American women. She begins the interview speaking about her hometown, Orangeburg, South Carolina, during the 1960s, and being a part of the first group of African American students to attend racially integrated public schools there. As a high school student June attended a summer program at Furman, and she talks about the program and how it infuenced her decision to attend Furman. Ms.

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W & L University | Text

Letter from David F. Cavers to Francis P. Gaines (Februrary 4, 1955)

In this letter, David F. Cavers (who is Chairman of the Special Committee on Racial Discriminination of the Association of American Law Schools) writes to Washington and Lee University President Francis P. Gaines, asking him to comply with the Association's recent action against racial discrimination.

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W & L University | Text

Letter from Francis P. Gaines to James R. Caskie (February 10, 1943)

In this letter from President Francis P. Gaines to Trustee James R. Caskie, Gaines and Caskie discuss the public's perception of the possibility of Black students being present on Washington and Lee's campus through the U.S. Army School.

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W & L University | Text

Letter from Fred C. Cole to J. Morrison Hutcheson (October 21, 1964)

In this letter, President Fred C. Cole asks Trustee J. Morrison Hutcheson to provide an interview explaining the admissions decision to the Ring-Tum Phi.

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W & L University | Text

Letter from Fred C. Cole to J. Morrison Hutcheson (October 8, 1964)

This letter from President Fred C. Cole to Trustee J. Morrison Hutcheson asks Morrison to approve a statement on the admissions policy for student Ring-Tum Phi reporters.

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W & L University | Text

Letter from George Mercke, Jr. and Charles D. Mercke to J. Morrison Hutcheson (July 7, 1964)

This letter from two Washington and Lee Alumni (George and Charles Mercke) to Trustee Hutcheson expresses the alumni's disbelief at Washington and Lee considering integration.

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W & L University | Text

Letter from Homer A. Holt to Fred C. Cole (August 17, 1964)

In this letter, trustee Homer A. Holt provides guidance on clarifying the admissions decision to President Fred C. Cole.

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W & L University | Text

Letter from J. Morrison Hutcheson to Francis P. Gaines (March 18, 1954)

This letter from Trustee J. Morrison Hutcheson to President Francis P. Gaines expresses Hutcheson's sentiment on desegregation.

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W & L University | Text

Memorandum from Frank A. Parsons to Fred C. Cole: Sequence of Developments in the Handling of the Admissions Announcement by the Press

This memorandum outlines the process through which the story of the admissions decision went from an article in the Ring-Tum Phi to national news.

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Furman University | Text

Mystical Bridge is Practical Divorcee

An article appearing in Furman's student newspaper, The Paladin, dated November 16, 1963. The author takes a satirical approach in describing a meeting of the South Carolina Baptist Convention and its reaction to the Furman Trustees' resolution authorizing Furman to admit all qualified applicants regardless of race or color.

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W & L University | Text

Personal and Confidential Letter from Francis P. Gaines to James R. Caskie and Homer A. Holt (Februrary 28, 1956)

In this letter, Washington and Lee President Francis P. Gaines writes to trustees James R. Caskie and Homer A. Holt about the possibility of black law students attending a convention at Washington and Lee. Caskie and Holt's responses are included.

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